Postgres

One database, held properly: vacuum and transaction-ID vigilance, index portfolios with real carrying costs, connection pooling, and schema changes that do not lock a busy table at the wrong moment.

Postgres runs every case study on this site. This shelf is why it runs them calmly — and why the one metric worth alerting on is transaction-ID age, because bloat warns you and wraparound simply stops your writes.

Boring database, sound sleep. That trade is one every operations team eventually accepts, ideally before 3 AM teaches it.

Nothing here is exotic tuning. It is the small set of behaviours that separate a database you operate from one that operates you, and all of it is learnable in an afternoon.

Postgres in Production Indexes, vacuum and lock contention: the three things that decide whether Postgres stays fast at scale, and how to spot each one before it takes the site down. Zero-Downtime Migration Dual-write and backfill, done in the right order. A practical sequence for moving a live database without a maintenance window or a nervous rollback plan.